The global, regional, and national burden of inflammatory bowel diseases, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background In recent years, the global epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed rapidly. Aims We described the updated global IBD epidemiology results based on the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Methods We estimated the prevalence rate, death rate, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from GBD 2019 in 195 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019. Results The crude prevalence of IBD increased by 47% in 2019 globally. Accordingly, the age-standardized prevalence rate showed 19% decrease. The age-standardized death rates, YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs of IBD in 2019 decreased compared to those in 1990. The annual percentage change in age-standardized prevalence rate decreased most in United States and increased in East Asia and high-income Asia Pacific from 1990 to 2019. Continents with high socioeconomic index (SDI) had higher age-standardized prevalence rates compared to continents with low SDI. The 2019 age-standardized prevalence rate of high latitudes was higher than that of low latitudes in Asia, Europe, and North America. Conclusion The observed trends and geographic variations in IBD documented in the 2019 GBD study will aid policymakers in policy, research, and investment development.